Oribatid mites represent a highly diverse group of soil-inhabiting microarthropods that exert critical functions in soil decomposition and nutrient cycling processes. Studies on this taxon in China were initiated in 1922, when Dr. A.P. Jocat published the first species record, representing a continuous research history of 103 years. This review systematically summarizes the historical progress and current status of taxonomic and biodiversity research on Oribatida in China. Considerable advances have been achieved in Chinese oribatid mite research over recent decades. To date, more than 1000 species have been formally documented by 2025. Ecological investigations have verified their pivotal roles as decomposers in forest soils, and have greatly improved understanding of their responses to environmental gradients, land-use changes, and heavy metal pollution. Recent studies have emphasized their potential as biological indicators, since their community structure is sensitive to microclimate fluctuations and anthropogenic disturbances, while the diversity of their associated endosymbiotic bacteria has also been explored. Methodological progress includes optimized rearing protocols and the application of stable isotope analysis to clarify their trophic positions. Nevertheless, sampling deficiencies still exist in biodiversity hotspots in western China, and integrated research combining taxonomy, genomics, and ecosystem functioning will continue to be key priorities for future investigations.