The description of a new species, Eremaeozetes chancanii n. sp. (Acari: Eremaeozetidae), found in the Chancani Park and Forestry Reserve in litter of Prosopis flexuosa, (Mesquite) and Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco, is given, based on the adults males and females. The problem of establishment of the family is dicussed. E. chacanii n. sp. is characterized by: peculiar cerotegument; dorsosejugal depression inverted V-shaped; lamella large, with anterior end truncated; lamellar (le) and rostral (ro) setae inserted on a promontory; bothridium notched; sensillus spatulate; lenticula hooked forwards; ten pairs of notogastral setae, each inserted on a promotory; pedotecta I and II well devloped; large discidium; tridactyl legs, with setae (it) on tarsi III only. The new species is compared with the closely related E. araucana Monetti et al., 1994 and E. woelkei Piffl, 1972.