The new distribution of Amblyseius herbicolus in Turkey (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) with a key of Amblyseius species found in Turkey

Amblyseius herbicolus Chant, 1959 (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is reported for the first time in Ordu province (Sea side, Black Sea Region), Turkey. The specimens were collected from persimmon trees (Diospyros kaki Thunb., Diospyros lotus L.) infested with tenuipalpid and tydeid mites in Altinordu and Persembe, Ordu Province, Turkey


INTRODUCTION
Phytoseiid mites are generally considered to be important biological control agents of pest mites on many crops world-wide. According to the second version of the world phytoseiid catalog, there were 2243 phytoseiid species (Moraes et al. 2004). However, 2692 phytoseiid species were listed by a most recent catalog (Prasad 2012). In September 2012, the first version of an electronic database for phytoseiid mites of the world was released listing 2735 species till November 2015 (Demite et al. 2014(Demite et al. , 2015. Amblyseiinae is the largest subfamily with 1748 species and 65 genera. The type genus of this subfamily, Amblyseius contains 400 species (Demite et al. 2014(Demite et al. , 2015. Prior to this study, Faraji et al. (2011) reported a total of 62 phytoseiid species for the Turkish fauna. Six of these species belong to the genus Amblyseius Berlese, 1914. Döker et al. (2014) added one more species of this genus to the Turkish fauna. This paper reports A. herbicolus as a new record of phytoseiid mites belonging to the genus Amblyseius from Turkey. Additionally, measurements (in µm) of the Turkish specimens (only the range), the information regarding collection details, habitats, hosts and world distribution are also presented in this paper.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
Leaf samples were collected from the Ordu province in the Black sea region of Turkey. Details of geographical coordinates were recorded using a GPS mobile device. The localities where A. herbicolus was found were marked on the map of Ordu using the Google Earth Tool. The samples taken from different regions were placed in plastic bags, labeled, and brought to the laboratory. Specimens were preserved in vials containing 70 % ethanol, cleared in Lacto-phenol and mounted in Hoyer on microscope slides and dried in an oven at 50°C. Senior synonyms: Amblyseius amitae Bhattacharyya (Denmark and Muma, 1989) Amblyseius deleoni Muma and Denmark (Daneshvar and Denmark, 1982) Amblyseius deleoni Muma and Denmark (Denmark and Muma, 1989) Amblyseius giganticus Gupta (Gupta, 1986) Amblyseius impactus Chaudhri, 1968 (Daneshvar and Denmark,1982) Previously known as: (Moraes et al., 2004;Prasad, 2012) Typhlodromus (Amblyseius) herbicolus (original designation) (Chant,1959) Amblyseius (Amblyseius) herbicolus (Muma, 1961) Typhlodromus herbicolus (Hirschmann, 1962) Material examined -Ordu:

Remarks
The Turkish specimens actually perfectly fit the redescription of Denmark and Muma (1989). It is only setae s4 which is 4 microns shorter than that in the re-description and setae Z4 which are 10 micron shorter.
This species close resembles A. largoensis (Muma) in general appearance. However, it differs from the latter in having the calyx of the spermatheca fundibular instead of tubular, the atrium waferlike nodular oppose to only nodular (Collyer 1982, Denmark andMuma 1989) (Figure 4), the preanal solenostomes of the ventrianal shield are posterior to setae JV2 and closely associated with these setae, whereas posteromedially to JV2 in A. largoenesis; the movable cheliceral digit bears 4 teeth but 3 in A. largoensis. A. herbicolus can further be distinguished from A. largoensis in that seta Z5 is 220 -225 long opposed to about 206 in A. largoensis. All these features are present in the Turkish specimens of A herbicolus.

DISCUSSION
Amblyseius herbicolus has a world-wide distribution but was not detected during previous surveys carried out in Turkey. During surveys carried out in 2012 in Ordu provice, Turkey, Amblyseius herbicolus was reported from three localities in Ordu provice ( Figure 5). It possibly entered the country via Iran, the only neigboring country it was reported from. Surveys in the regions bordering Iran or even Iraq, Armenia, Georgia and Syria may also resulted in new records.
Prior to this study, seven species belonging to the genus Amblyseius were recorded for the Turkish fauna. These species are A. largoensis (Muma) (Rodriguez-Cruz et al., 2013). In this study, the species was collected from persimmon trees, D. kaki, D. lotus, hosting tenuipalpid and tydeid mites.